Basic Structure Of Single Phase Overhead Distribution Transformers
1. Hlau tub ntxhais
Cov tub ntxhais hlau tsim cov kab sib nqus hluav taws xob ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab ua haujlwm raws li cov neeg kho tshuab pob txha ntawm lub transformer. Cov tub ntxhais hlau yog tsim los ntawm ib qho hlau core kem thiab ib tug quab hlau. Lub transformer winding yog teem rau ntawm hlau core kem, thiab cov hlau yoke yog siv los txuas cov hlau core kem kom kaw qhov sib nqus Circuit Court. Cov kev xav tau ntawm cov tub ntxhais hlau yog qhov sib nqus permeability zoo dua, thiab hysteresis poob thiab eddy tam sim no poob yuav tsum tsawg li sai tau, yog li lawv txhua tus yog ua los ntawm silicon steel los xij nrog lub thickness ntawm 0.35 hli. . Tam sim no, cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev silicon steel muaj xws li cov ntawv kub dov silicon steel, cov ntawv txias-kuav los tiag uas tsis yog-oriented silicon steel los xij, thiab cov ntawv txias-dov-taw qhia txog silicon steel los xij. Nyob rau xyoo 1960 thiab 1970s, lub zog hloov hluav taws xob tsim tawm hauv kuv lub teb chaws feem ntau siv cov ntawv kub dov silicon steel. Vim lawv cov hlau tsis loj, qhov sib nqus permeability kuj tsis zoo, thiab cov tub ntxhais stacking coefficient tsawg (vim tias ob sab ntawm cov ntawv silicon steel tau coated nrog cov xim insulating), tsis siv lawm. Tam sim no, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txuag hluav taws xob hauv tsev txhua tus siv cov ntawv txias-kuav los tiag silicon steel los xij, uas muaj cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau tsis zoo thiab cov tub ntxhais siab sib npaug coefficient (vim tias cov nplooj ntawv ntawm silicon steel yog insulated nrog oxide zaj duab xis, tsis tas yuav tsum tau. siv cov xim insulating).
Raws li cov qauv ntawm cov tub ntxhais transformer, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: core transformer thiab plhaub transformer. Cardioid transformers yog nyob ntawm ob sab
Cov windings tau muab tso rau ntawm cov tub ntxhais hlau los tsim ib daim ntawv uas cov windings nyob ib puag ncig cov tub ntxhais hlau. Plhaub hom transformers tso windings ntawm nruab nrab core kem los tsim ib tug zoo nyob rau hauv uas cov tub ntxhais nyob ib ncig ntawm lub windings.
Raws li cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm transformer core, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: laminated core thiab dov core. Kev tsim ua ntu zus ntawm cov tub ntxhais hom thiab lub plhaub hom hloov pauv ntawm cov tub ntxhais laminated yog: thawj zaug punch thiab txiav cov nplooj ntawv silicon steel, tom qab ntawd ntxig cov nplooj ntawv silicon steel rau hauv cov coils uas tau raug mob ua ntej thiab tau txais kev kho rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau hauv staggered yam. raws li lawv cov interfaces. Cov khoom no clamps lub core hlau. Txhawm rau txo qhov sib nqus ntawm qhov sib nqus ntawm cov hlau nplaum ntawm cov tub ntxhais hlau thiab txo qhov poob ntawm cov tub ntxhais hlau, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom cov cua sib txawv ntawm lub seam yuav tsum me me li sai tau thaum cov tub ntxhais hlau sib sau ua ke.
2.Winding (coil)
Lub kauj ntawm lub transformer feem ntau hu ua winding, uas yog ib feem ntawm lub transformer. Cov transformers me me feem ntau raug mob nrog insulated enameled round tooj liab xov hlau, thiab transformers nrog me ntsis loj muaj peev xwm raug mob nrog ca tooj liab xov hlau los yog ca txhuas hlau.
Nyob rau hauv lub transformer, cov windings txuas nrog high-voltage grid yog hu ua high-voltage windings, thiab cov windings txuas nrog cov kab hluav taws xob tsawg hu ua low-voltage windings. Raws li cov haujlwm sib txawv thiab cov duab ntawm high-voltage winding thiab low-voltage winding, cov windings tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: concentric thiab overlapping.
1.1 Concentric winding
Lub concentric winding yog qhwv lub siab thiab tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob windings ntawm cov tub ntxhais kem concentrically. Txhawm rau pab txhawb kev rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hlau, qhov qis-voltage winding yog sheathed sab hauv, thiab high-voltage winding yog sheathed sab nraum. Rau cov low-voltage, high-tam sim no thiab loj-muaj peev xwm transformers, vim hais tias cov low-voltage winding leads yog tuab heev, nws kuj yuav muab tso rau sab nraum. Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab thiab tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob windings, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua cov roj hla ntawm cov roj-immersed transformer, uas tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau lub tshav kub dissipation ntawm windings, tab sis kuj ua hauj lwm raws li rwb thaiv tsev ntawm ob windings. .
Concentric windings tuaj yeem muab faib ua cylindrical, kauv thiab nruam hom raws li lawv txoj kev sib txawv winding. Concentric winding muaj cov qauv yooj yim thiab yooj yim rau kev tsim khoom. Nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv core transformers. Qhov no yog qhov feem ntau winding qauv. Lub zog hluav taws xob hauv tsev hloov pauv tau txais cov qauv no.
1.2 Overlap Winding
Lub overlapping winding, tseem hu ua lub ncuav qab zib winding, faib cov high-voltage winding thiab low-voltage winding rau hauv ob peb lub ncuav qab zib, uas yog alternated raws li qhov siab ntawm lub hauv paus kem. Txhawm rau kom yooj yim rwb thaiv tsev, qhov hluav taws xob qis windings feem ntau muab tso rau saum thiab hauv qab txheej. Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm overlapping windings yog me me to reactance, siab mechanical zog thiab yooj yim txhuas. Daim ntawv winding no tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv tsawg-voltage, high-tam sim no transformers, xws li hluav taws xob rauv transformers nrog loj muaj peev xwm, kuj welding tshuab (xws li chaw vuam, dov vuam thiab taub qab vuam tshuab hluav taws xob welding) transformers, thiab lwm yam.
